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Objective To study the efficiency of booster immunization with different recombinant hepatitis B vaccines.Methods 2789 children aged over 10 years who had completed the basic immunization of hepatitis B vaccine under 1 year old were selected.All the sampled children were classified into four groups (A,B,C and D) and immunized with different hepatitis B vaccines produced by different campanies respectively.Before booster immunization,their blood plasma specimens were detected for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg),antibodies to HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) and antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc) by chemiluminescence.In each group,the anti-HBs positive children were immunized with one dosage and anti-HBs negative children were immunized three dosages of the same vaccine.Their blood specimens were collected again after 1 month,and detected for anti-HBs.Results The anti-HBs positive rates of A,B,C and D group were 36.43%,37.59%,42.91% and 46.46% respectively before immunization while 89.20%,91.52%,90.96% and 85.45% respectively after immunization with one dosage,99.12%,99.47%,98.87% and 98.85% respectively after immunization with three dosages.The differences of anti-HBs positive rates in the four respective groups showed statistical significances between any two rates of pre-immunization,post-immunization with one dosage and post- immunization with three dosages (all P＜0.05).The anti-HBs positive conversion rates of four groups were 83.01%,86.41%,84.16% and 72.82% respectively after immunization with one dosage.The anti-HBs positive conversion rate of four groups were 98.62%,99.16%,98.03% and 97.84% respectively after immunization with three dosages and the difference of positive conversion rates in each group showed statistical significances between booster immunization with one dosage and booster immunization with three dosages.The average GMTs in anti-HBs positive children in the four groups were 2853.21,6254.23,3581.40 and 3021.32 mIU/ml respectively after immunization with one dosage.The average GMTs of anti-HBs negative children in the four groups were 273.08,648.52,387.87 and 245.36 mIU/ml respectively after immunization with one dosage,and were 632.30,2341.14,563.97 and 394.08 mIU/ml respectively after immunization with three dosages.Conclusion Our data showed that it would be suitable to anyone to use the four vaccines for anti-HBs positive children aged over 10 years with one dosage and for anti-HBs negative children aged over 10 years with three dosage booster immunization.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of myopic retinopathy and its risk factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fundus of 1449 patients (2879 eyes) with myopia were retrospectively examined. The clinical relationship between myopic retinopathy and diopter, age, and sex was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Myopic retinopathy was detected in 413 eyes (14.35%). Posterior pole retinal lesions were detected in 22 eyes (0.76%). Peripheral retinal lesions were found in 396 eyes (13.75%). According to their diopters, the myopic patients were divided into four groups: low, medium, high and super high myopia The incidence of peripheral retinal lesions was 4.18%, 8.72%, 19.18%, and 37.44% in these four groups, which significantly different (chi2 = 178.594, P<0.001). By age these patients were divided into three groups: I group, age <25; II group, age 25-34; III group, age >34. The incidences of peripheral retinal lesions in these three groups were 8.11%, 15.34%, and 24.59%, which were significantly different (chi2 = 76.090, P<0.001). The incidence of retinal lesion in male and female was 9.32% and 16.07%, respectively, which was significantly different (chi2 = 24.886, P<0.001). Posteriorpole retinal lesions were only detected in the highly or super highly myopic patients, all of them were more than 25 years. The incidence of posteriorpole retinal lesions in the highly and super highly myopia group was 0.86% and 6.67% respectively, which was significantly different (chi2 = 31.898, P<0.001). The incidence of posteriorpole retinal lesions in group II and group III was 0.55% and 3.55% respectively, which was significantly different (chi2 = 22.523, P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of retinal lesions in myopic patients is higher than that of emmetropia. The incidence of peripheral retinal lesions increases in patients with deeper diopters. Posterior pole retinal lesions usually occur in the myopic patients whose age are more than 25 years and diopter more than - 6.00 D. Careful examination of fundus is essential for early detection and timely treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Myopia , Retina , Pathology , Retinal Diseases , Pathology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the age-dependent alternations in beta-adrenergic response and possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The response to beta-adrenergic agonists isoprenaline and BRL37344, forskolin and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP) of samples from senile people in 10 cases were examined by cellular functional test. Radioligand binding assay was also performed using non-selective beta-adrenergic receptors ligand [(3)H]-dihydroalprenolol ([(3)H]-DHA), the specimens of young men in 10 cases as the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no age-dependent change in the contractile response to potassium chloride. The relaxing responses to isoprenaline, BRL37344 and forskolin decreased by 15.0%, 17.6% and 12.6% respectively (P < 0.01). The pD(2) values of the isoprenaline and BRL37344 also declined significantly. There was no difference in the responses to DBcAMP between the two groups. The maximum binding site decreased significantly with increasing age, but the equilibrium-dissociation constant did not change.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is an age-related decline in beta-adrenergic responsiveness, which might be one of the causative factors of the reduced bladder compliance of the elderly. The decrease of cAMP level caused by the reduced receptor density and adenyl cyclase activity might be the molecular mechanisms underlying the changes of beta-adrenergic responsiveness.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Age Factors , Aging , Physiology , Muscle Contraction , Physiology , Muscle, Smooth , Physiology , Receptors, Adrenergic, beta , Physiology , Urinary Bladder , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the optimal scanning parameters for diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical cord.Methods MRI and diffusion tensor imaging of the cervical cord was performed in 80 healthy adult volunteers.Different parameters including b values,the number of the diffusion sensitive gradient directions,the number of excitations,and slice thickness were applied and their effects on the quality of the images were compared.DTI was performed on the cervical spinal cord with different b-values (400,700,and 1000 s/mm~2)in group 1,with different numbers of diffusion gradient directions(6,13, and 25)in group 2,with different numbers of excitations(2,4,and 8)in group 3,and with different slice thicknesses(2,3,and 4 mm)in group 4.Two radiology experts gave a score to every image with double blind methods,then compared the image quality.Results In the comparison of the four different parameters,DTIs using a b value of 700 s/mm~2(2.25?0.58)showed better image quality than those with the b values of 400 s/mm~2(1.86?0.53)and 1000 s/mm~2(1.48?0.35)(P